Charles s



Patented Aug. 2, I898.

G. S. SCOTT.

' PNEUMATIC TIRE.

(Application filed Feb. 18, 1897.)

(Nu'lndalf UNITED STATES PATENT OFF C CHARLES S. SCOTT, OF CADIZ, OHIO,ASSIGNOR OF THREE-FOURTllS TO ROBERT P.'SQOTT AND HERMAN A. 1 t OGERS,Q1? SAME PLACE.

PN E-U-M'ATIC Tl'RE.

' SPECIFICATION for-mingpart of Letters Patent No.608,273, dated August2, 1898.

' Application filed February 18, 1897. Serial No. s24, o1s. on model) Tall whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, CHARLES S. SCOTT, a eitizenol the United States,residing at Cadiz, Harrison county, Ohio, have invented a new 5' anduseful Imprm'ement in Pneumatic Tires,

of which. the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to produce a pneumatic tire which isautomatically attached by the act of inflation, which iseasy IO ofmanipulation, which is perfcctlylflexible when uninflated and free fromincumbrance withsti ll and unyielding wires, which is firmly held to therim and yet has notendency to split wood rims, in which the forcesbrought into play by rolling are such as to balance each other andresult in no tendency of creeping on the rim, which is held from asidewise rolling off the rim, and which has sufiicientcompass to beapplied to rims of diiferin' g sizes.

the shoe of the tire, preferably by embedding therein, a band ofshrinkable metal fabric, which is shownasdiagonally-woven wire fabric.The inflation of the tire by forcing the band to assume the shape of thetire causes an extension of the upper or outer edges of these bands anda corresponding'eontraetion of the lower orinner edges thereof, the bandas a whole or circular structure assuming a the shape of the part of theinflated tire in which it lies and becoming substantially rigid'edgewise. The contraction of the lower edges of the bands may causethem to grip to the rim by a radial contracting pressure, which would bein the direction of the wheel-spokes, and thus has no tendency tosplitthe rims, as

would be the case if the pressure were per pendicular to the spokes andwheel-rim. The extended outer edges of the bands also form a base-lineagainst which the part of the tire between them-and the rim-can expandagainst the rim, thus still further securing the tire to the rim. Again,the distortion of the band wise. This is due to the peculiar strain putupon the metal fabric due to its distorted shape. -not leave the rimwithout expanding as a whole into aeircle larger than the wheel-rim.This, however, theair-pressure is not sufii- To this end Iseeure to eachside of frusto-conical shape closely conforming tov intofrusto-coni'cal' shape makesitrigid edge- Being rigid edgewise the bandcancient to effect. There is a somewhat curious feature connected withthis part of m y invention It is known that if a pair of endless wiresbe secured to the the below the wheelrim there is a tendency to creep ofthe tire in one direction. I have discovered that a pair of endlesswires secured to the ti re above the wheel-rim causes a creeping of thetire in the opposite direction. I have furthermore discovered that inthe tire of this application, in which the baud edges are preferably oneabove and the other below therim edge, these two opposite tendencies tocreep balance each other,-so that with my tire there is not only nocreeping on the rim. but no tendency to creep.

It will be seen that the hands when made of diagonally-woven wire fabricdo not interfere with the flexibility of the tire. In fact-they can onlybe detected by close examination. It is also apparent that myinventionmay be applied to single-tube tires in which the airholding casing ispermanently secured tothe tire-shoe or to double-tube tires in whichthese parts are separate and'unattached.

In the drawings, Figure 1' is a central section oft-the tire and rim;Fig. 2, a section of the tire-shoe, and Fig. 3 a plan of the band.

The shoe B is made of the usual materials canvas coated with rubber.Secured thereto, preferably by embedding therein, are a pair ofshrinkable bands, here shown as consisting of diagonally-woven wirefabric 0, having selvages 0' 0 These bands are preferably so arrangedinthe shoe that-their lower edges 0' will come slightly'below the upperedge A of the grooved rimA- and that their tipperedgesO will comesomewhat above the rim edge A. The edges of the shoe are held togetherby means of securing devices, shown as the rib B, fitting in the groove13*. The inner tube D is of the usual construction;

To place the tire upon the rim, the-inner tube Dis placed within theshoe B and the rib'B' is pressed into the ehannel13 The structure isthen slid upon the rim precisely as if it were a plain rubber tube whichwas to be cemented to the rims The air-pump is then applied, and theexpansion of the tire causesa distortion of the diagonally-woven fabricof the bands 0, causing the meshes along the upper edges (J to stretchand the meshes along the lower edges 0' to contract, the whole assuminga frusto-eonical form conforming to the shape of: the tire, as beforeexplained, and becoming quite rigid edgewise, owing to its distortedshape. The distortion of the meshes, elongated at C and contracted at 0,cannot well be shown in the drawings. The lower edge C may grip the rimradially by its contraction, and the upper edge 0 acts as a base againstwhich the shoe between it and the rim is pressed radially against therim, both of these actions being additive to hold the tire firmly on therim. The rigidity of the distorted band is also effective for thispurpose. On the other hand, the tendencies to creep caused by the edgesC C respectively, being in opposite directions neutralize each other.There is sullicient stretch in the fabric of the bands to admit of theuse of thetire with rims of somewhat different, sizes.

\Vhat I claim is- 1. An automatically-attachable pneumatic tire havingprimarily-flexible bands of diagonail -woven wire fabric secured in itssides, 25

the inflation of the tire causing a distortion and consequent rigidityof the bands substantially as described.

2. The combination of a grooved wheel-rim and anautomatically-attachahle pneumatic tire having primarily-flexible metalbands sccured in its sides, the edges of the bands being respectivelyabove and below the rim edges and the inflation of the tire causing adistortion and consequent rigidity of the bands substantially asdescribed.

3. The combination of a wheel-rim and an automatically-attaehablepneumatic tire having a pair of primarily-flexible bands ofdiagonally-woven \virc fabric in its sides, the inflation of the tirecausing a distortion and consequent rigidity of the bands substantiallyas described.

,CHARLES S. SCOTT.

